Circulating and dietary advanced glycation end products and obesity in an adult population: A paradox of their detrimental effects in obesity.

Background: The detrimental role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) against cardio-metabolic health has been revealed in several previous reports. However, the results of studies regarding the association between AGEs and obesity measurements are inconsistent. In the current meta-analysis, we aimed to quantitatively summarize the results of studies that evaluated the association between circulating and dietary AGEs with obesity measurements among the adult population. Methods: A systematic search from PubMed, Embase, and Scopus electronic databases until 30 October 2022 retrieved a total of 21,429 observational studies. After duplicate removal, title/abstract screening, and full-text reading by two independent researchers, a final number of 18 manuscripts remained to be included in the meta-analysis. Results: Those in the highest category of circulating AGEs had ~1.5 kg/m2 reduced BMI compared with those in the lowest AGEs category [weighted mean difference (WMD): -1.485; CI: -2.459, -0.511; p = 0.003], while a nonsignificant increase in BMI was observed in the highest versus lowest category of dietary AGEs (WMD: 0.864, CI: -0.365, 2.094; p = 0.186). Also, lower amounts of circulating AGEs in individuals with obesity versus individuals without obesity were observed (WMD: -57.220, CI: -84.290, -30.149; p < 0.001). AGE type can be considered as a possible source of heterogeneity. Conclusion: In the current meta-analysis, we observed an inverse association between circulating AGEs and body mass index among adults. Due to low study numbers, further studies are warranted to better elucidate these results.

How Organizational Behavior, Artificial Intelligence, and Marketing Techniques in Sports Clubs influence New Product Development / Cómo el comportamiento organizacional, la inteligencia artificial y las técnicas de marketing en los clubes deportivos influyen en el desarrollo de nuevos productos

Development and expansion in any profession are critical in today's advanced world. Individuals associated with the sports industry view sports as a critical component of their lives. Men, in particular, are more interested in sports like football, basketball, cricket, and tennis. Additionally, organizational behaviour refers to an organization's attitude and actions when confronted with various difficulties. Players must be inspired, encouraged, and trained to perform at their best. The first factor contributing to the sports sector's growth is organizational behaviour. Artificial intelligence is the second factor that contributes to the progress of the sports business. Marketing is the third aspect that contributes to the advancement of the sports business. Marketing a product or service enhances both its worth and value. Three independent variables were considered in this paper: organizational behaviour, artificial intelligence, and marketing tactics. On the other hand, New Product Development has been included as a dependent variable. AMOS 26v was used to evaluate the data collected from 30 respondents. Additionally, the findings demonstrated a substantial correlation between the factors.(AU)